Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of ProHance in Pediatric Patients <2yrs

The purpose of this study is to retrospectively enroll children younger than 2 years of age who have undergone brain or spine MRI with 0.1 mmol/kg PROHANCE and to gather safety data as well as to collect MR images for a prospective blinded read to evaluate the efficacy of PROHANCE in terms of visualization and enhancing properties.

The study will be conducted in 4-8 sites in the United States and Europe. It is estimated that 120 patients will be enrolled to provide 108 evaluable patients.

Three radiologists unaffiliated with enrolling centers (blinded readers), blinded to the patient's identity and clinical profile will independently evaluate the MRI images. The efficacy analysis will be primarily based on the blinded reader evaluations.

Imaging conditions will represent those in routine clinical practice, inclusive of pre and post-contrast images.

• ProHance (Drug), also known as Gadoteridol: 0.1 mmol/kg ProHance intravenous injection

Primary outcomes

• Border delineation of lesions [Immediately post dose - Day 1]: Blinded reader will assess the border delineation of lesion based on a 5 point scale, none (0) - Excellent (4)
• Visualization of internal morphology of lesions [Immediately post dose - Day 1]: Blinded reader will assess the visualization of internal morphology of the lesion(s) based on a 5 point scale, none (0) - Excellent (4)
• Contrast enhancement of lesions [Immediately post dose- Day 1]: Blinded reader will assess the contrast enhancement of the lesion(s) based on a 5 point scale, none (0) - Excellent (4)
• Number and percentage of subjects with ProHance Related Adverse Events [up to 2 hours post-dose]: In terms of frequency, type and severity of adverse events Data collected, will consist of Screening Serum Creatinine value (mg/dL), If available, Vital signs (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate) and ECG.

Sex: All, ages: 1 Day to 2 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Is male or female and was younger than 2 years of age at the time of the MRI with PROHANCE injection at the dose of 0.1 mmol/kg (±25% in volume administered).
* Has demographic information, reason for the ProHance-enhanced MR examination, relevant medical history, final diagnosis, and safety data available.
* Has documented known or highly suspected enhancing disease of CNS (brain/spine) and previously underwent a cranial or spinal MR examination requiring an injection of PROHANCE contrast agent.
* Has both predose and postdose T1 SE/FSE and/or GRE and T2 SE/FSE, and FLAIR MR images (when available) for submission to Bracco or designee to be evaluated in a fully blinded read.
* Has complete information on the imaging protocol used for the ProHance-enhanced MR exam including type of exam (brain or spine), MR scanner and field strength (1.0, 1.5 or 3.0 Tesla)
* Has a documented dose of PROHANCE administered for their MRI exam and/or the volume (mL) and weight of the patient available to be used to calculate the exact dose of PROHANCE that was administered.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclude a patient from this study if the patient does not fulfill all of the inclusion criteria.

• Gianpaolo Pirovano, MD, Study director, Bracco Diagnostics, Inc