Ginglival Health Among Smokers Visiting Dental Hospital

NCT06424600 — Completed, 300 participants, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences

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Effect of Various Forms of Nicotine Consumption on Gingival Health of Dental Patients.

Registry	NCT06424600
Status	Completed
Study type	Observational
Enrollment	300 (Actual)
Sponsor	Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (Other gov)
Conditions	Smoking
Interventions	Gingival Index (Other)
Dates	start 2023-02-03, primary completion 2024-02-04, completion 2024-02-04, first posted 2024-05-22, last updated 2024-06-25
Locations	1 site in Pakistan

-Summary

The effect of different forms of nicotine intake on the gingival health of dental patients that visited a public sector in Islamabad. A total of 300 dental patients that visited School of Dentistry, Islamabad voluntarily participated in this study. The nicotine consuming participants involved in this study were Smoke-form users, E cigarette-form users, and Dual-form users whose Gingival Index (G-I) was inspected to demonstrate an association between their smoking type and duration of developing severe gingivitis.

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+Detailed description

A total of 300 dental patients who visited the School of Dentistry, Islamabad, participated voluntarily in this study. The nicotine-consuming participants involved in this study were Smoke-Form users (S-form), Electronic cigarette-form users (E-form), and Dual-Form users (D-form) whose Gingival Index (G-I) was inspected to demonstrate an association between their smoking type and duration of developing severe gingivitis. The G-I ranging between 0.5 - 2.00 was used to calculate the occurrence of severe gingival issues in participants with smoking habits where G-I between 0.50 1.00 displayed Light gingival inflammation, G-I between 1.10-2.00 revealed Moderate gingival inflammation and G-I > 2.00 confirmed Severe gingival inflammation. A chi-Square test was used for the association by keeping significance p< 0.05.

+Arms and interventions

Arm	Interventions	Description
S-form users	Other: Gingival Index	Smoke- form users
E-form users	Other: Gingival Index	E-Cigarette users
D-form users	Other: Gingival Index	Dual-Form users

Gingival Index (Other): The G-I index ranging between 0.5-2 was used to calculate the occurrence of severe gingival issues in participants with smoking habits. The G-I index between 0.50-1.00 displayed light gingival inflammation, G-I between 1.10-2.00 revealed moderate gingival inflammation and G-I > 2.00 confirmed severe gingival inflammation.

+Outcome measures

Primary outcomes

Gingival Index [one year]: The G-I ranging between 0.5-2 was used to calculate the occurrence of severe gingival issues in participants with smoking habits where G-I between 0.50-1.00 displayed Light gingival inflammation, G-I between 1.10-2.00 revealed Moderate gingival inflammation and G-I > 2.00 confirmed Severe gingival inflammation.

+Eligibility

Sex: All, ages: 21 Years to any, accepts healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

* Smokers with good general health status visiting dental hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-smoker dental patients

+Locations (1)

Facility	City	Country	Status
Afsheen Mansoor	Islamabad	Pakistan

+Publications

Tomar SL, Hecht SS, Jaspers I, Gregory RL, Stepanov I. Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products. Adv Dent Res. 2019 Oct;30(1):4-10. doi: 10.1177/0022034519872480. PMID 31538806

+Investigators

Afsheen Mansoor, Principal investigator, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences