Adjuvant Therapy With Letrozole in Induction of Ovulation With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

The study will be a randomized controlled clinical trial. Once the eligibility from screening visit is determined prior to baseline visit, randomization will be made by computer randomization for women who are admitted to Beni-Suef University Hospital.

* Before initiation of the study, the population will be divided randomly into 4 equal groups: group A, B, C and D. The adjuvant therapy of each group will be group (A) Metformin 1000mg, group (B) Dapagliflozin 10mg, Group(C) Combined Dapagliflozin-Metformin 10/1000mg and group (D) with no adjuvant therapy (control group).
* The adjuvant therapy will be taken once daily with a main meal and started one month before initiation of letrozole. All groups will take letrozole 2.5mg twice daily from the third day of the cycle for 5 days.

This treatment regimen will continue for three cycles unless positive pregnancy is achieved. No diet restriction will be recommended during the study or change in the lifestyle. The population will be asked to inform about any side effects that may happen during the study. A written informed consent will be obtained from each woman participating in the study.

• Metformin (Drug), also known as Glucophage 1000: Insulin Sensitizer
• Dapagliflozin (Drug), also known as Forxiga: Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter-2
• Dapagliflozin/Metformin (Drug), also known as Xigduo: Anti diabetic drug
• Letrozole (Drug), also known as femara: Aromataze inhibitor

Primary outcomes

• Pregnancy [3 cycles ( 3 months / one month for each cycle)]: Serum HCG positive

Sex: Female, ages: 20 Years to 40 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* PCOS will based on European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ESHRE/ASRM) criteria, the diagnosis is made when at least two of the following criteria are met:

  * oilgo and/or anovulation (infrequent or no ovulation),
  * clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism including hirsutism, acne and/or increased testosterone levels
  * polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (defined as those containing at least 12 follicles measuring 2-9 mm in diameter arranged peripherally around an echo-dense stroma and/or with increased ovarian volume of at least 10 ml).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Other causes of hyperandrogenism mimic PCOS such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Cushing's syndrome, or androgen secreting tumors are excluded.
* Persistent hyperprolactinemia,
* thyroid dysfunction defined as TSH < 0.2 mIU/ML or >5.5 mIU/mL)
* patients with menopausal levels of FSH (> 15 mIU/mL) (A normal level within the last year is adequate for enter the study).
* Liver disease is defined as AST or ALT > 2 times normal or total bilirubin >2.5 mg/dL, #kidney disease defined as BUN > 30 mg/dL or serum creatinine> 1.4 mg/dL or significant

• Sara A Beni-Suef University, MD, Principal investigator, Beni-Suef University