Correlation Between Types of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle Attachment and Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint

the study aimed to evaluate the clinical and MRI finding of TMJ with LPM with predication of the risk factors. Study design: this retrospective study included patients diagnosed as TMJ internal derangement and all the patients examined by MRI from 2008 to 2019. Cases with loss of continuity of articular disk or the posterior attachment of the disk were considered as positive cases.

• MRI (Diagnostic test): MRI of TMJ

Primary outcomes

• VAS [baseline (pre treatment)]: pain index scores were measured using a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS), with 0 indicating absence of pain and 10 indicating the worst pain.
• mouth opening [baseline (pre treatment)]: maximum nonassisted (voluntary) mouth opening (MVMO) in millimetres

Secondary outcomes

• joint sound [baseline (pre treatment)]: and the joint sound was then determined by combining 3 means: (1) palpation of the TMJ zone by the clinician, (2) the patient's self-reporting regarding whether the joint sound could be heard, and (3) auscultation of the TMJ zone with the stethoscope.

Sex: All, ages: 19 Years to 65 Years, accepts healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

\- study included patients seeking treatment for TMD at Al-Azhar University Hospital and the outpatient clinic at the Faculty of Dental Medicine of Al-Azahr University.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion Inclusion criteria: Patients were included if they were older than 18 years and diagnosed with TMJD. criteria for this study included systemic diseases (the presence of polyarthritis or other rheumatic diseases), contraindications for MRI (e.g., implanted metal or medical devices, claustrophobia), the presence of neurologic disorders, head and neck cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, a history of TMJ surgery, a history of previous nonsurgical treatment such as occlusal splints, and a history of joint injection with HA/PRP. Trauma patients with subcondylar fracture and patients with congenital and developmental disorders of the TMJ were also excluded from the study.