Construction and Validation of a Tool for Automatic Identification of Care Pathways At Risk of Sub-optimality in the Management of Severe Infections in Children (DIABACT IV)

Primary outcomes

• the optimality of care questionnaire [1 month]: optimality of care will be assessed by 2 independent experts, blinded to outcome and final diagnosis. Medical charts will be summarized and given to experts without outcome or diagnosis. They would be asked to evaluate optimality of care as follow: optimal, certainly sub-optimal, possibly suboptimal and not evaluable

Secondary outcomes

• outcome at the hospital discharge defined as death, survival without sequelae and survival with sequelae [1 month]

Sex: All, ages: any to 15 Years

Inclusion Criteria for retrospective inclusions:

* All children from 1 month to 15 years and 3 months admitted in pediatric resuscitation;
* Community with severe bacterial infection defined by a bacterial infection documented by the presence of a bacterium from a normally sterile site (pleural cerebrospinal fluid joint fluid, blood, bone biopsy ...), a positive urine culture on a sampling done in aseptic conditions accompanied by a febrile illness (eg pyelonephritis), or purpura fulminans in the absence of documentation.

Inclusion Criteria for prospective inclusions:

* The inclusion criteria DIABACT III will be expanded to include children 0-1 months.
* Parents and patient (if applicable) who signed the consent biocollection for participation in the substudy.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Nosocomial Infections as defined by the Ministry of Health in its January 2007 issue on nosocomial infections namely: Nosocomial infections are infections acquired in a healthcare facility. Infection is considered nosocomial if it was absent at the time of admission of the patient in the health facility. When the infectious status of the patient at admission is unknown, the infection is generally considered nosocomial if it occurs after a period of at least 48 hours of hospitalization or a period longer than the incubation period of the infection. In case of surgical site infection, the period commonly allowed is 30 days, or if it has been set in place a prosthesis or implant, a year after the intervention.
* Children with whooping cough, bronchiolitis or viral infections

• Christèle Gras Le Guen, Pr, Principal investigator, Nantes University Hospital