Nuclear Theory Papers of the Week

Here, we extended quantum gas microscopy to three-flavor Fermi lattice gases in the Hubbard regime.

We propose a staged program in which quantum simulations first provide qualitative modifications to event generators and later provide quantitative input.

Although tremendous progress has been made over the past decades in our understanding of QCD in the nuclear physics context, through perturbative methods, lattice QCD, and effective theory descriptions, phenomena that are intrinsically connected to real-time dynamics, highly entangled many-body evolution, or finite density regimes remain only partially accessible with existing approaches. In this article, we argue that QIS can help realize a new paradigm for addressing these open questions.

Nuclear observables computed using ab initio methods can depend on many low-energy constants (LECs) of the underlying chiral effective field theory interactions, while being sensitive to only a few LEC combinations.

Abstract We investigate the hadronic contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon $$a_\mu $$ a μ in three representative infrared-improved soft-wall anti-de Sitter (AdS)/quantum chromodynamics (QCD) models, focusing on the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization (LO-HVP) and hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) contributions. The model parameters are fixed by the ground-state $$\rho $$ ρ -meson mass, pion mass, and pion decay constant, with the low-lying excited spectrum used as an additional phenomenological constraint.

Conventional Monte Carlo (MC) models typically describe deformed nuclei as classical rotors with definite orientations, whereas the ground states of even--even nuclei with $J=0$ are rotationally invariant.

These developments have sparked rapid progress in first-principles studies of the x-dependent structure of hadrons, including gluon PDFs of the nucleon and pseudoscalar mesons. In this review, we summarize recent advances in lattice QCD calculations of gluon PDFs using the LaMET and pseudo-PDF methods, discuss the current status and impacts of these developments, and highlight the remaining challenges and future opportunities.

An exact partial-wave decomposition shows that the $P$ wave accounts for the entire enhancement over the Coulomb baseline, $79\%$ of it from the $1^{-}$ channel. A Lednický--Lyuboshitz analysis restricted to $S$ waves therefore cannot describe this system.

To this end, and to assess the impact of the experimental results, we compare simulations of O+O and Ne+Ne collisions in hydrodynamic and kinetic theory simulations across opacities.

We investigate the in-medium spin transport of heavy quarkonium using an open-quantum-system approach based on potential nonrelativistic QCD.

We revisit the pNRQCD open-quantum-system description of bottomonium in a quark-gluon plasma, writing the full master equation in a spherical basis and establishing a framework for its numerical treatment.

We examine the effects of symmetry energy on proto-neutron stars (PNSs) by employing equation of state (EOS) described by the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model.

Based on the kinetic theory calculations, we found that the asymmetry fluctuations considering spin polarization have a significant splitting effect compared to those without spin polarization.

We study this crust ejection with general-relativistic neutrino-radiation hydrodynamics simulations performed with AthenaK, using a tabulated nuclear equation of state and two-moment neutrino transport, for flare pressures corresponding to magnetic fields $B = 10^{15}$-$10^{16.5}$ G, and compute the nucleosynthesis of the ejecta with a nuclear reaction network. We find that such flares unbind $10^{-10}$ to $5\times10^{-8}\,M_\odot$ of crust.

In a companion letter, we obtained the probability distribution of the Landau-Migdal parameter $G'_0$, which characterizes the main part of the spin-isospin force, from GTR measurements using Bayesian inference. In this follow-up work, we quantitatively study the correlations emerging from this Bayesian analysis.

Describing spin transport away from equilibrium requires a kinetic theory that consistently incorporates spin dynamics and phase space structure. We construct such a collisionless kinetic theory for relativistic spin-$1/2$ particles in external electromagnetic fields using the constrained Hamiltonian formalism.

We study the effects of the symmetry-energy curvature $K_{\rm sym}$ on the equation of state (EoS) and neutron-star properties within the relativistic mean-field (RMF) framework. We construct controlled families of RMF parametrizations based on the TM1 and IUFSU models by varying $K_{\rm sym}$ while keeping the symmetry energy $J$ and its slope $L$ fixed at saturation density.

In this work, we investigate the possibility of pion condensate in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter within a parity doublet model at zero temperature, treating the baryon and isospin chemical potentials as independent variables.

In the high energy Regge asymptotics of QCD, the rapid overpopulation of gluons leads to gluon saturation, characterized by nonperturbative semi-classical lumpy configurations of size $1/Q_S$, where $Q_S\gg \Lambda_{\rm QCD}$ is a dynamical semi-hard saturation scale. We discuss here a generalization of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) framework describing this phenomenon that is obtained by carefully treating the breaking of global symmetries by the condensate.