Pathology (Biology) Papers of the Week

A combined in vivo, multi-omics and in vitro mechanistic study was conducted.

We utilized an SOD1/G93A mouse model and a cohort of 160 ALS patients, including four with SOD1 mutations, 12 with non-SOD1 mutations (C9orf72, TARDBP, FUS, OPTN), and 144 with nongenetic ALS.

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue-compatible spatial transcriptomics (ST) is transforming biology and histopathology, but achieving high sensitivity, genome-wide coverage, single-cell resolution, and researcher accessibility remains challenging. To address these challenges, we here present a dendrimeric DNA coordinate barcoding design for FFPE tissue-adapted spatial RNA sequencing (Decoder-FFPE-seq) by integrating RNA-to-DNA probe conversion with blotting-assisted barcoding.

Increasing evidence suggests that autonomic dysfunction may contribute to this multisystem presentation, with abnormalities in heart rate variability (HRV), orthostatic cardiovascular regulation and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) reported in patients with FM. This narrative review examines the evidence for dysautonomia in FM, its relationship with peripheral and central mechanisms, approaches to clinical assessment, and current and emerging strategies for mechanism informed management.

Here, we introduce MorphX, an interpretable framework that predicts patient survival by explicitly decoding multi-scale morphological patterns from whole-slide images.

Despite their considerable promise, many current medical foundation models remain modality specific and lack transparent reasoning, limiting clinical adoption. To address this gap, we introduce Explainable Vision Language Foundation Model for Medicine (EVLF-FM), a multimodal vision language foundation model that combines broad diagnostic capabilities with fine-grained explainability.

Here we present JEEPERS, a framework to detect and correct jagged-end-induced methylation errors while preserving duplex integrity and native methylation patterns.

Here we identify the ESX-5 component EccB as a mycobacterial virulence factor that binds gasdermin D (GSDMD) and potentiates pathogenic pyroptosis.

This review critically examines the evolving portfolio of DLL3-targeted therapies across three principal modalities: T-cell engagers, ADCs, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies.

Here we identify Clostridium perfringens pathobionts containing Delta toxin in the gut microbiome of individuals with severe and fatal NEC.

Artificial intelligence may broaden access by automating analysis and enabling PDFF from routine MRI. We review the evidence supporting these biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and regulatory use, and their role in clinical trials and in treatment decisions for approved MASH therapies.

Collectively, our work provides genetic and pharmacological evidence that severe loss-of-function mutations may contribute causally to the onset age and pathogenesis of PD and identifies lysosomal proton channels and transporters as potential therapeutic targets for PD intervention.

SspA and house dust mite extract (HDM), when epicutaneously applied in combination, cause interleukin (IL)-22-dependent atopic dermatitis-like skin disease in mice. Spatial single-cell analysis and immunophenotyping of lesional skin of these mice reveal massive elongation and branching of epidermal nerve fibers and the formation of T cells simultaneously producing IL-13 and IL-22.

We have developed a multimodal spatial transcriptomics approach that enables the definition of transcriptional programs with subcellular resolution, somatic CAG repeat lengths, and eight other pathology markers, including HTT inclusions, in every cell of intact brain sections.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among middle-aged and elderly high-altitude residents.

To test translational relevance, we examined whether increasing LAMP2A expression in nonhuman primates could mitigate α-synucleinopathy induced by injections of Parkinson's disease patient-derived Lewy body (LB) extract.

Here, we describe a single AAV vector encoding a compact adenine base editor, SlugABE8e, and a single-guide RNA, which enable efficient editing in a humanized DMD mouse model at a lower dose using the muscle-tropic MyoAAV4 capsid.

We aimed to characterize longitudinal changes (36 months) in plasma p-tau217 and NfL across neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative cognitive disorders and to examine biomarker trajectories according to aSyn pathology status within AD.

Here we present single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing of 3.5 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 1,042 donors with matched whole-genome sequencing.