Online Emotion Regulation and Parenting Program for Parents of Children Aged 2-6 Years

This study is a randomized controlled trial evaluating an online parent-focused intervention that integrates emotion regulation strategies with parenting skills for parents of children aged 2-6 years.

Eligible parents will complete a baseline assessment before being randomly allocated to either the intervention group or the control group. Participants assigned to the intervention group will receive an online micro-learning program consisting of brief sessions focused on parent emotion regulation, understanding and responding to children's negative emotions, and adaptive parenting strategies. Participants in the control group will not receive the intervention during the initial study period.

Outcome assessments will examine changes in parents' emotion regulation difficulties, their acceptance of children's negative emotions, their perceived ability to respond adaptively to children's negative emotions, and children's socio-emotional and behavioral outcomes. Outcomes will be compared between the intervention and control groups over the study period.

• Online Parent Emotion Regulation and Parenting Program (Behavioral): An online parent-focused program consisting of eight brief micro-learning sessions. The program provides strategies to help parents manage their emotional responses, understand and accept their negative emotions, and respond more adaptively to children's emotional and behavioral needs. Each session lasts approximately 5-8 minutes and is delivered online.

Primary outcomes

• Change From Baseline in Parent Emotion Regulation Difficulties Assessed by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-16 (DERS-16) [Baseline and 2 months after randomization]: Parent emotion regulation difficulties will be assessed using the 16-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16). Items are rated on a 5-point scale, with total scores ranging from 16 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater difficulties in emotion regulation. Change from baseline will be compared between the intervention and control groups.

Sex: All, ages: 18 Years to any, accepts healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

* Parent aged 18 years or older
* A parent or primary caregiver of children aged 2-6 years
* Able to read and understand Chinese
* Willing to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to provide informed consent.