Optimizing Risk Assessment Through cfDNA in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors for Clinical Evaluation: a Retrospective Study
| Registry | NCT07817225, acronym ORACLE |
|---|---|
| Status | Active not recruiting |
| Study type | Observational |
| Enrollment | 30 (Actual) |
| Sponsor | Massimo Falconi (Other) |
| Conditions | Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor |
| Interventions | cfDNA molecular profiling (Other) |
| Dates | start 2026-09-12, primary completion 2027-09-12 (estimated), completion 2027-12-12 (estimated), first posted 2026-09-14, last updated 2026-09-16 |
| Locations | 1 site in Italy |
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All trials for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor All trials of cfDNA molecular profiling
Non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PanNETs) are heterogeneous neoplasms of the pancreatic endocrine tissue, displaying variable clinical behavior from indolent to highly aggressive forms. Their often asymptomatic nature and lack of reliable preoperative biomarkers make clinical management particularly challenging.
This exploratory study will investigate cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a potential non-invasive biomarker in NF-PanNETs. cfDNA samples from approximately 30 patients, representing distinct clinical courses (active surveillance, indolent post-surgical, and aggressive post-surgical cases), will be analyzed using advanced methylome and nucleosome footprinting techniques.
The aim is to evaluate cfDNA's diagnostic and prognostic potential to improve disease monitoring and support personalized therapeutic strategies in NF-PanNET patients.
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are rare, heterogeneous neoplasms arising from the endocrine tissue of the pancreas. Non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF- PanNETs) have traditionally been considered rare; however, their reported incidence has significantly increased over the past two decades. Current estimates suggest that approximately 1-5% of the general population may harbor undiagnosed NF-PanNETs. Given this prevalence, there is an increasing need for reliable diagnostic tools to distinguish high-risk, aggressive tumors from benign, indolent lesions.
NF-PanNETs exhibit a wide spectrum of biological behavior, ranging from slow-growing, indolent tumors to highly aggressive variants prone to local invasion and distant metastases. However, due to their frequent asymptomatic presentation and the absence of reliable preoperative markers for tumor aggressiveness, clinical management remains challenging. Current diagnostic methods rely on imaging and invasive biopsies. However, this approach has limitations in detecting early-stage disease and assessing tumor dynamics. Indeed, it often leads to overtreatment in low-risk patients through unnecessary surgical interventions, while potentially undertreating those who might benefit from more aggressive therapeutic strategies, such as neoadjuvant therapy.
In recent years, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has emerged as a promising non-invasive biomarker in the oncology setting, proving to be extremely useful for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic purposes.
In the specific context of PanNETs, there is limited research on the value of cfDNA. Despite showing encouraging results, the few existing investigations on this subject, have included only small and heterogeneous cohorts, varying primary tumor sites, stages and differentiation status.
This exploratory study will analyze cfDNA profiles from approximately 30 NF-PanNET patients (10 under active surveillance, 10 with indolent tumors post-surgery, and 10 with aggressive tumors post-surgery) using advanced methylome and nucleosome footprinting technologies. Analyses in the three patient subgroups will be compared with data from a previously characterized cohort of healthy subjects.
The goal is to assess cfDNA's diagnostic and prognostic utility, potentially offering a non-invasive tool for better disease management, monitoring and personalized patient care.
| Arm | Type | Interventions | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| histological indolent PanNET | Other: cfDNA molecular profiling | patients submitted to surgical resection for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) with histopathological diagnosis of indolent disease | |
| histological aggressive PanNET | Other: cfDNA molecular profiling | patients submitted to surgical resection for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) with histopathological diagnosis of aggressive disease | |
| PanNET under active surveillance | Other: cfDNA molecular profiling | patients currently under active surveillance for small indolent pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) |
Sex: All, ages: 18 Years to any
Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years. * Diagnosis of sporadic, well-differentiated, non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NF-PanNET). * Signed informed consent for the use of plasma samples stored in the "NETbank" biobank. * Availability of pre-operative or surveillance plasma samples. Exclusion Criteria: * Genetic syndromes associated with NF-PanNETs (e.g., MEN1, VHL). * Functioning PanNETs. * Inadequate quality or quantity of circulating-free DNA (cfDNA) extracted from plasma samples.
| Facility | City | Country | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| IRCCS San Raffaele | Milan, MI | Italy |