Impact of De Quervain's Tenosynovitis on Grip Strength and Quality of Life in Smartphone-Addicted Adolescents

The objective of this Cross Sectional Case Controlled study is to thoroughly examine the impact of de Quervain's tenosynovitis on hand grip strength and overall quality of life among adolescents identified as smartphone addicts. The central inquiry of this research is:

Does de Quervain's tenosynovitis affect hand grip strength and quality of life in adolescents who are smartphone addicts?

To address this question, the study categorizes smartphone addict adolescents into two distinct groups:

Group A: Adolescents with de Quervain's tenosynovitis Group B: Adolescents without de Quervain's tenosynovitis (serving as the reference group).

Participants from both groups will undergo assessments focusing on the following criteria:

* Diagnosis of de Quervain's tenosynovitis will be conducted using the Finkelstein test.
* Hand grip strength will be measured utilizing a handgrip dynamometer.
* The impact on quality of life will be evaluated through the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL Version 4.0).

This structured approach aims to provide valuable insights into the relationship between de Quervain's tenosynovitis and its effects on physical and psychological well-being in a population increasingly reliant on smartphone usage.

Primary outcomes

• hand grip strength [baseline assessment]: measured using Jamar Plus+ Digital Hand Dynamometer.
• quality of life [baseline]: measured by by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL Version 4.0).

Sex: All, ages: 12 Years to 16 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Adolescents who have been using smartphones for more than 3 hours per day for 2 years. They have scores ranged from 31 to 60 points for boys and from 33 to 60 points for girls on smart phone addiction scale (SAS-SV) (Appendix II) according to Kwon et al. (2013), who considered boys and girls with these scores to be addicted adolescents.
* Adolescents who have been using their phones in odd or abnormal positions, e.g., using smartphones in bed, while lying on their side, lying prone, with one hand for prolonged time or in slouched sitting posture.
* Smart phone addicts' adolescents was diagnosed with de quervains (male and female) ranged from 12 to 16 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

Smart phone addicts' adolescents were excluded from the study if one or more of the following histories were presented:

* Upper limb surgery
* Inflammatory arthritis
* Fractures
* Diabetes
* Massive use of any tool other than smartphones
* Racquet\\ overhead sports athletes

• Mariam M Fouad Shawky, BSc, Principal investigator, Cairo University