Echo, ECG and Holter Findings After Fallot Repair in Children

Aim of my study is to detect echocardiographic, ECG and Holter changes in children who have undergone surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot. This will be done by history taking of having chest pain , palpitations or any other cardiac symptoms then general and cardiac examination then performing 12-lead ECG and Holter ECG to detect any arrhythmias. Echocardiography will be also done to detect presence of pulmonary or tricuspid regurgitation, ventricular dilatation or pulmonary stenosis. The study is a retrospective observational study. Age group of patients varying from 1 day up to 25 years old.

• echocardiography , 12-lead ECG and Holter ECG (Diagnostic test): Holter ECG is used for recording electrocardiogram for long duration varying from hours to days. Echocardiography is used for detecting anatomical and functional defects in the heart.

Primary outcomes

• QRS duration on 12-lead ECG in patients post Tetralogy of Fallot surgical repair [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]: QRS duration measured in milliseconds using a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram
• Corrected QT interval (QTc) on 12-lead ECG in patients post TOF surgical repair [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]: QTc is measured in milliseconds using standard 12-lead electrocardiogram to detect if it is prolonged or not.
• Presence and frequency of arrhythmias on Holter ECG in patients post TOF repair [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]: Holter ECG helps in detection of arrhythmias as presence of ectopics
• Severity of pulmonary regurgitation by echocardiography in patients post TOF surgical repair [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]
• Right ventricular function by echocardiography in patients post Tetralogy of Fallot surgical repair [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]: Right ventricular contractility and enlargement measured by echocardiography to detect if patient is in heart failure or not.

Secondary outcomes

• PR interval by 12-lead ECG in pediatric patients post Fallot surgical repair [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]
• Severity of tricusped regurgitation by echocardiography in pediatric patients post Fallot surgical repair. [Data will be collected over 1 year period starting after approval of protocol by medical research committee of Sohag faculty of medicine.]

Sex: All, ages: 1 Day to 25 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Children and adolescents up to age of 25 years old who have undergone surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Ptients above age of 25 years.
* Children with other medical diseases.