Outcomes of Laparoscopic Keyhole Surgery (TAPP) for Recurrent Inguinal Hernia

• Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) Repair (Procedure): The surgical procedure will be performed under general anesthesia. Standard laparoscopic instruments will be used to access the peritoneal cavity. The peritoneum over the recurrent inguinal hernia site will be incised to enter the preperitoneal space. After reduction of the hernia sac and clearing of post-operative adhesions, a synthetic mesh will be placed to cover the hernia defects. The mesh will be secured if necessary, and the peritoneal flap will be closed using sutures or tacks.

Primary outcomes

• Feasibility and Technical Success of Laparoscopic TAPP [During the intraoperative procedure (Day of surgery)]: Evaluation of the feasibility of the TAPP approach in recurrent inguinal hernias, measured by the rate of successful laparoscopic completion without the need for intraoperative conversion to open surgery due to severe scar tissue or adhesions.

Secondary outcomes

• Post-operative Pain [At 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month post-operatively]: Assessment of pain severity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), which ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain).
• Hernia Recurrence [4 months]: The percentage of patients who experience another clinical return of the inguinal hernia after the TAPP repair. Recurrence will be detected through physical examination during follow-up, and confirmed by groin ultrasound or CT scan if a hernia is clinically suspected.
• Operative Time [During the surgical procedure (Day of surgery)]: The total duration of the surgical procedure calculated in minutes from the skin incision to the final closure
• Length of Hospital Stay [From the day of surgery up to hospital discharge (typically 1-2 days)]: The total number of hours or days from the end of the surgery until the patient is officially discharged from the hospital.
• Incidence of Post-operative Complications [Up to 4 months post-operatively]: Detection of any early complications like seroma, hematoma, or wound infection.
• Incidence of Intraoperative Complications [During the surgical procedure (Day of surgery)]: The percentage of patients experiencing any surgical complications during the operation, such as urinary bladder injury, bowel injury, or major vascular bleeding
• Time to Return to Normal Daily Activities [Up to 4 months post-operatively]: The total number of days taken by the patient to independently resume their baseline activities of daily living and return to light work/routine post-surgery.

Sex: All

Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients. Patients diagnosed with recurrent inguinal hernia. Patients fit for general anesthesia. Patients who provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non recurrent inguinal hernia Patients with complicated inguinal hernia. Patients unfit for general anesthesia. Patients refusing participation in the study.