Pre-incisional Infiltration With Ropivacaine Plus Triamcinolone for Relieving Postoperative Pain After Laparoscopic Surgery

• Pre-incisional infiltration with ropivacaine plus triamcinolone (Drug): Before the surgery, according to the surgeon's incision marking, the patients accept 2ml of triamcinolone (80mg) plus 15ml of 1% ropivacaine diluted with 0.9% saline to a total volume of 30ml infiltrates the incision layer by layer (1ml subcutaneous infiltration at each location, 2ml full layer infiltration, total 3ml).
• Pre-incisional infiltration with ropivacaine alone (Drug): Before the surgery, according to the surgeon's incision marking, the patients accept 30ml of 0.5% ropivacaine infiltrates the incision layer by layer (1ml subcutaneous infiltration at each location, 2ml full layer infiltration, total 3ml).

Primary outcomes

• Intravenous Morphine Equivalents of Rescue Analgesic Medications Within 48 Hours Postoperatively [The postoperative period 48 hours]

Secondary outcomes

• Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Numeric Rating Scale at rest (NRSr) Within 0-72 Hours Postoperatively [Data will be collected at 4、12、24、36 and 72 hours postoperatively]: scores of 1-3 indicate mild pain, 4-6 denote moderate pain, and 7-10 signify severe pain
• Area under the curve (AUC) of the Numerical Rating Scale during movement (NRSm) within 0-72 hours postoperatively [Data will be collected at 4、12、24、36 and 72 hours postoperatively.]: The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) designates 0 as representing no pain and 10 as representing the most severe pain, scores of 1-3 indicate mild pain, 4-6 denote moderate pain, and 7-10 signify severe pain.
• Numeric Rating Scale at rest (NRSr) at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively [Postoperative day 7, month 1, and month 3.]: The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) designates 0 as representing no pain and 10 as representing the most severe pain; scores of 1-3 indicate mild pain, 4-6 denote moderate pain, and 7-10 signify severe pain.
• Patient Satisfaction Scale(PSS) [Postoperative hours 4、12、24 and 48 hours]: Patient Satisfaction Scale(PSS) on a scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 denotes "completely dissatisfied" and 10 signifies "extremely satisfied.
• Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) [Postoperatively within 48 hours]
• wound healing score [Postoperative 72hours、1 and 3 months.]: The wound healing score is evaluated by independent researchers based on the wound healing score table, which includes three aspects: skin healing, incision infection, and hair growth. The total score is obtained by adding up the three scores. Excellent wound healing: 3 points; Good wound healing is 4-5; Poor wound healing: total score greater than or equal to 6 points.
• Adverse events [Within 72 hours postoperatively]: Including local anesthetic poisoning, local hematoma, nausea and vomiting, itching, hypotension, arrhythmia, delirium, etc; Abnormal values in clinical laboratory tests, such as elevated blood glucose levels.
• postoperatively and patient and observer scar assessment scale [Postoperative 72 hours、1 and 3 months]: Postoperatively and patient and observer scar assessment scale: the observer scores the scar based on the distribution of blood vessels around the incision, color, scar thickness, surface roughness, area, and softness. Each score ranges from 1 to 10 points and higher scores indicating more severe scars; The patient evaluates the scar based on whether there is pain or itching, color, softness, thickness, and self-perception. Each score range is also 1-10 points, with 1 point indicating no difference from normal skin and a higher score indicating more severe scars.

Sex: All, ages: 18 Years to 64 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients scheduled for elective Laparoscopic Surgery for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, appendectomy, or hernia repair under general anesthesia;
2. Ages 18 to 64 years old;
3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-III;
4. Patients must be able to understand nature and potential personal; consequences of the clinical trial and cooperation with follow-up investigations
5. signing of the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of allergies to experimental drugs such as opioids or steroids;
2. Alcohol abuse; Long term use of opioid drugs (exceeding 2 weeks or 3 days per week for more than 1 month); Suspected use of sedatives and analgesics; Use analgesic drugs within 24 hours before surgery; Patients undergoing steroid therapy;
3. Serious neurological disorders, severe liver and kidney dysfunction, heart failure, etc;
4. Unable to use pain assessment scale;
5. Pregnant or lactating patients.