Effect of Circadian Timing of a Standardized Meal on Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Adults

NCT07545330 — Not applicable, Completed, 30 participants, King Faisal University

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Registry	NCT07545330
Status	Completed
Phase	Not applicable
Study type	Interventional; randomized, crossover, masking: none, basic science
Enrollment	30 (Actual)
Sponsor	King Faisal University (Other); collaborators: Saudi Food and Drug Authority
Conditions	Meal Timing, Postprandial Glucose, Glycemic Response to Feeding in Healthy Participants
Interventions	Standardized Test Meal (Other)
Dates	start 2026-04-21, primary completion 2026-07-15, completion 2026-07-15, first posted 2026-04-22, last updated 2026-10-01
Locations	1 site in Saudi Arabia

-Summary

This randomized crossover study aims to investigate the effect of circadian timing of a standardized meal (morning versus evening consumption) on postprandial glucose response in healthy adults. Postprandial glucose will be assessed using the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) over 120 minutes.

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+Arms and interventions

Arm	Type	Interventions	Description
Morning Meal Condition	Experimental	Other: Standardized Test Meal	Participants will consume a standardized test meal in the morning following an overnight fasting period of at least 8 hours. Postprandial glucose will be measured over 120 minutes.
Evening Meal Condition	Experimental	Other: Standardized Test Meal	Participants will consume the same standardized test meal in the evening following a standardized fasting period of at least 8 hours prior to the test meal. Postprandial glucose will be measured over 120 minutes.

Standardized Test Meal (Other): The standardized test meal provided 50 g of carbohydrates of weighed portions of white bread and jam, served with 200 mL of water.

+Outcome measures

Primary outcomes

Incremental Area Under the Curve (iAUC) for Postprandial Glucose [Baseline to 120 minutes after consumption of the standardized test meal]: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of circadian timing of a standardized test meal (morning versus evening consumption) on postprandial glucose response in healthy adults, assessed as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for capillary blood glucose over 120 minutes following meal consumption

Secondary outcomes

Peak Postprandial Glucose (Morning vs Evening) [Baseline to 120 minutes after consumption of the standardized test meal]: Peak capillary blood glucose concentration measured within 120 minutes after consumption of the standardized test meal, under morning and evening conditions
Time to Peak Glucose (Morning vs Evening) [Baseline to 120 minutes after consumption of the standardized test meal]: Time required to reach peak capillary blood glucose concentration following meal consumption, under morning and evening conditions.
Postprandial Glucose Profile (Morning vs Evening) [Baseline, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after consumption of the standardized test meal]: Capillary blood glucose concentrations measured at predefined time points following consumption of the standardized test meal, under morning and evening conditions.

Other outcomes

Night Eating Behavior [Baseline]: Night eating behavior will be assessed using the validated Night Eating Questionnaire to characterize nocturnal eating patterns and support interpretation of variability in postprandial glucose responses.
Sleep Duration and Quality [Baseline]: Sleep duration and quality will be assessed using a validated sleep questionnaire administered prior to each study visit to support interpretation of postprandial glucose responses.
Chronotype [Baseline]: Chronotype will be assessed at baseline using the validated Questionnaire to characterize individual circadian preference and support interpretation of postprandial glucose responses.

+Eligibility

Sex: All, ages: 18 Years to any, accepts healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy adults aged 18 years and older
* Able and willing to provide informed consent
* Able to comply with study procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of diabetes or any metabolic disorder affecting glucose regulation
* Use of any medications
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women
* Night shift workers or individuals with irregular sleep patterns

+Locations (1)

Facility	City	Country	Status
King Faisal University	Al-Ahsa, Eastern Province	Saudi Arabia