Developing a Complex ex Vivo Endometrial Tissue Model to Improve Endometriosis Care

• Tissue collection (Procedure): Eutopic and ectopic endometrium biopsies, additional blood and peritoneal fluid sampling
• Data collection (Other): Questionnaire on menstrual health and history of hormone treatments for the research purpose

Primary outcomes

• Viability of all the cells forming the complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering. [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: The viability of all the cells forming the complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering will be assessed either by flow cytometry (labelling with propidium iodide or 7-AAD) or by immunofluorescence (with lipophilic carbocyanine dyes). The scientists involved in the project reserve the right to modify these labelling techniques and the markers mentioned, depending on the technical and logistical challenges encountered during the tissue bioengineering stages.

Secondary outcomes

• Change in protein expression [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: Comparing changes in protein expression in the model of complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering (eutopic endometrium) in each donor, between control and endometriosis groups and between eutopic and ectopic endometrium in endometriosis group.
• Change in gene expression [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: Comparing changes in gene expression in the model of complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering (eutopic endometrium) in each donor, between control and endometriosis groups and between eutopic and ectopic endometrium in endometriosis group.
• Change in inflammation [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: The concentration (expressed in pg/gl) of the following cytokines will be measured using Luminex technology (Bio-Plex 200 analyser): Interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-2R, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40/p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, Tumor Necrosis Factor TNFα, interferons (IFN) IFN-α, IFN-γ, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor GM-CSF, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein MIP-1α, MIP-1β, Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 IP-10, Eotaxin, RANTES, and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 MCP-1. Changes in these inflammation markers concentration in the model of complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering (eutopic endometrium) in each donor, between control and endometriosis groups and between eutopic and ectopic endometrium in endometriosis group will be assessed.
• Change in histological tissue structure [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: Comparing changes in histological tissue structure (density of glands open to the lumen and glands located in the basal layer of the endometrium expressed in number of glands/cm3 of tissue, measured with an haematoxiline-eosin stainings and using Image J software) in the model of complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering (eutopic endometrium) in each donor, between control and endometriosis groups and between eutopic and ectopic endometrium in endometriosis group.
• Change in histological tissue structure [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: Comparing changes in histological tissue structure (thickness of the endometrium expressed in micrometer) in the model of complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering (eutopic endometrium) in each donor, between control and endometriosis groups and between eutopic and ectopic endometrium in endometriosis group.
• Change in tissue elasticity [through study completion, an average of 18 months]: Comparing changes in tissue elasticity by assessing the speed of shear waves in the model of complex endometrial tissue generated ex vivo by tissue bioengineering (eutopic endometrium) in each donor, between control and endometriosis groups and between eutopic and ectopic endometrium in endometriosis group.
• Change in steroid hormone physiology [At baseline]: Measurement of steroid hormones concentration levels in blood and comparison between control and endometriosis groups. Steroid hormones assays will be carried out using ELISA® technologies. The following hormones will be measured: prolactin, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), estrone, progesterone and Sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG. The unit of measurement is pg/ml for all hormones.
• Steroid hormones in peritoneal fluid [At baseline]: Measurement of steroid hormones concentration levels in peritoneal fluid and comparison between control and endometriosis groups. Steroid hormones assays will be carried out using ELISA® technologies. The following hormones will be measured: prolactin, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), estrone, progesterone and Sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG. The unit of measurement is pg/ml for all hormones.

Sex: Female, ages: 18 Years to 50 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Female
* People aged between 18 and 50
* Person who has or has had hormonal contraceptive treatment
* A person who has given written consent
* Person diagnosed with a benign gynaecological pathology not affecting the endometrium and requiring hysterectomy, hysteroscopy or laparoscopy or with a diagnosis of endometriosis and requiring laparoscopy or hysterectomy
* Person affiliated to the french social security

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant at the time of sampling or within 3 months prior to sampling
* Breast-feeding women
* Women undergoing physiological menopause
* Anyone who has received hormonal treatment with hormones other than steroids in the three months prior to sampling
* Anyone with a non-hormonal contraceptive intrauterine device (copper coil)
* Anyone with a personal history of cancer of the breast, ovary, endometrium or cervix
* People with Lynch syndrome
* Persons under legal protection (guardianship, curatorship)
* Persons deprived of their liberty by judicial or administrative decision
* Persons with a body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 or more than 30